Recycling And Reuse Of Construction And Demolition Wastes Construction Essay

Recycling And Reuse Of Construction And Demolition Wastes Construction Essay What is waste? In fact, we do not have a definitive list of what is and is not waste. In construction field, the waste can be generated from building a structure (under construction) and those created during the wrecking of a building (demolition debris). There are many buildings built in whole of the world. At the same time, there are also many building going to be demolished. Hence, the construction and demolition works will bring out a lot of debris waste or waste. Thus, construction and demolition works is the largest contributor of waste in the world. Recycling and reuse are the essential components of environmentally-responsible of everyone. Some of the waste can be recycling and reuse and some are not. Recycling is the collection of used materials that would or else be waste to be broken down and reproduce for others purpose. Similarly, reuse is use again the recycling waste in the proper way. In the construction field, suitable method will be applied to recycling the CD waste and reuse it in others way. Recently, the environmental impact is the pressing issue in the world. With the improper ways to deal with the waste, it will lead to environment harms. Most of the CD wastes are recyclable; some of the examples of the recyclable waste are bricks, concrete, timber, asphalt, steel and block. Indeed, most of the CD wastes are recyclable. Therefore, recycling and reuse of CD waste is one of the most important aspects in the construction field. If the construction field from all around the world implement the recycling and reuse method to the CD works, it will minimizing the waste problems and negative impact to the environment concurrently. Hence this is a good practice to minimize the CD waste with proper method. Aim: To study the reuse and recycling of construction waste in construction and demolition works for Bricks and Concrete. Objectives: To identify the two types of construction waste in bricks and concrete. To determine the ways of recycling and reuse the construction waste. To determine whether there is any limitation in reuse and recycling the construction waste in Malaysia Problem Statement: Building construction is fast moving around the world. The demolition works will bring out a lot of debris or waste. Construction and demolition wastes are one of the largest waste streams in the world. With the improper ways to deal with the waste, it will lead to environment harms. Recycling and reuse of building materials waste is one of the most important aspect in the construction field. I would like to carry out the studies of 2R of CD waste which are bricks and concrete. Reuse and recycling of building materials waste is a good practice in construction field. From the research, almost all the job site wastes are recyclable. This research will come out the positive and negative outcome of recycling and reuse of CD waste. Indeed, 2R of building materials waste will save the costs than to throw them away. In my research, I will try to explore is there any limitations or improvements for the reuse and recycling practice in Malaysia. This is because compare to others country, Malaysia is still improving in this aspect in the construction field. Scope of Study: What is covered in my study: What are the construction waste which can reuse and recycling in construction field? Positive and negative outcomes of 2R of construction waste. How the construction waste recycling and reuse. Any limitation and improvement of 2R of CD waste. Methodology: Stage 1: Initial Proposal Stage 2: Literature Review A comprehensive of review of the relevant literature including a computer-assisted search will be undertaken in order to develop an understanding of two types of the construction waste which can be recycling and reuse. The Literature Review will be followed by a questionnaire with the relevant people. Stage 3: Questionnaires This stage will be implemented by carry out the questionnaire to the relevant people such as manufacturer or contractor in the construction industry. Besides, information from internet search, newspaper, journals and magazine will also be part of my data collection. Stage 4: Writing up This stage involves writing up the content of the dissertation should cover the chapters proposed in the following section: Chapter 1 Introduction Chapter 2- Literature Review Identifying two types of the construction waste for bricks and concrete. The ways of reuse and recycling of the construction waste Determine whether there is any limitations in reuse and recycling of construction waste in Malaysia. Chapter 3 Case Study Chapter 4 Data analysis Chapter 5 Conclusion and Recommendations References Some of the example of questionnaires: Which types of materials would you think that is highly produced in the Construction and demolition works? Steel b) Timber c) Bricks d) Concrete Do you think that there is any limitation or improvement of reuse and recycling of CD waste in Malaysia? Cost b) Techniques c) Lack of professional workforce/experience Do you think that 2R of CD waste important? What are the factors that you think that 2R of CD waste important? Environmental issues Save cost Government pressure Project Plan and Schedule: Task to be completed Month 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Initial Proposal Introduction Literature Review Chapter 1: Types of waste Chapter 2: ways of 2R Chapter 3: improvement/limitation Research Methodology Interview Data analysis Conclusion and recommendation Overall References

Euthanasia: An Informative Essay Essay

The first person to be legally voluntarily euthanised in Australia was Bob Dent in the Northern Territory, in the year of 1996. This controversial issue has raised many dilemmas throughout society, and so far it seems there is no clear solution. The implications of euthanasia will be discussed herein. Defining the issue and exploring both sides of the controversy has proven to be a difficult task. The word ‘euthanasia’ comes from the Greek words ‘eu’ and ‘thanatos’, together translating as ‘good death’. The Oxford Concise Medical Dictionary defines euthanasia as the ‘act of taking life to relieve suffering’. In practice euthanasia proves to be far more complex, as it comes in a variety of forms. Passive euthanasia is the deliberate withdrawal of treatment and nourishment for the terminally ill patient. Active euthanasia is on the authority or for the best interests of the patient who perhaps is unable to speak for him or herself. For example, a hospital could decide when to take someone off a life support machine. Voluntary euthanasia is when the patient makes a request to have their life terminated, through the administration of a drug or other means. There is also involuntary euthanasia, which is when a life is taken away without and individual’s consent and against their will and is one of the many causes for the sensitivity and distress surrounding this matter. Euthanasia is also known ‘mercy killing’ (Bachman 1999) or ‘physician assisted-suicide’. The word ‘mercy’ means ‘compassion’, yet combined with the term ‘killing’ becomes a juxtaposition of contrasting meanings. Such terms as these are very strong in the image they reflect, and perhaps the frequent use of them is what makes euthanasia even harder to comprehend and to be accepted as a legitimate practice. Where do you start or stop euthanasia? The Voluntary Euthanasia Society wants the law to allow people â€Å"with a severe illness from which there is no relief known† to be put to death. Those in favour of euthanasia feel that terminally ill patients should not have to endure the slow process their bodies’ deteriorating, being incontinent, pain-racked and totally dependant on life-supporting machines. As such patients lose control over bodily  functions; either by being in a comatose state or vegetative state, dignity is lost also as with the ability to control events. Requests for euthanasia are not always because the patient is giving up in the face of suffering, but that they are positively asserting their desire to control events. Modern medicine has brought about surgery, immunisation and anti-bodies. Inadvertently these have all increased life expectancy in general in comparison to society’s predecessors. This means that the possibilities made available by the modern world should not be completely disregarded. Too often advances in palliative care are protracted, painful and undignified. This paper has examined the human dilemma, which arises when technological advances in end-of-life medicine conflict with traditional sanctity-of-life values. Society places high value on personal autonomy. To conclude, allowing autonomy for the terminally ill, within legal bounds, would result in fewer ethical contradictions and greater preservation of dignity.

A short History of Maria Montessori

A Short History of DRP. Marl Interiors and her Methods Teaching a two years old child how to be Independent, responsible and confident sounds Impossible, but more than 100 years back an Italian doctor named Marl Interiors made It possible. As she believed â€Å"the study of child psychology In the first years of life opens to our eyes such wonders that no one seeing them with understanding can fail to be deeply stirred. Our work as adults does not consist in teaching, but in helping the infant mind in its work of development. (What is Interiors preschool? By David Khan p. ) Maria Interiors was born on 31st August 1870 in Charitable in Anaconda, Italy. Her father Alexandra was old-fashioned man with military habits; however her mother Reining was an educated woman which was very unusual in those days. They were a middle class family and Maria Interiors was their only child. When Maria Interiors was around five they moved to Rome and a year after she started school there. Interiors wa s an ambitious girl with a strong personality.She was good at mathematics and wanted to be an engineer, but later on she discovered her love for biology and her final decision was to study medicine. Her father was against her Idea of studying medicine since In those days only boys could become doctors. Although she took her flirts degree, she struggled a lot to make her way into the medical university and by that she was the first female medical student in Italy. Maria Interiors thought that this was the end of her struggles but actually it was Just the beginning. She faced difficulties by being the only woman student.The students which were all men were insulting her when she was passing the corridors and they tried very hard to frighten her away but that did not work. She even assisted a dead body in a room by her own, because it was not proper for a girl to dissect a body in front of men. For her that was not a pleasant experience as she said â€Å"there, on the other side, the skeleton – ever more enormous – seemed to move. ‘My God, what have I done to suffer in this way? Why me all alone in the midst of all this death? ‘†¦. A shiver ran through my bones. † (Marl Interiors by Michael Pollard p. 5) On that night she became feverish and her mother told her that she do not have to go back to the university, but the next morning Interiors decided to go back and finish what she started. In 1 896 she graduated and became the first female physician in Italy. After graduation she worked in psychiatric clinic in the university of Rome for â€Å"idiot† children. In the room where the children were there was nothing for them to handle or play with, there were only benches for them to sit on. The children were clean and feed but after meals they throw themselves on the floor to pick up the crumbs of bread.DRP. Interiors thought that this cannot be right, therefore something need to be done to help these children. She went t o Paris and visited the Procurable Institute where she studied a lot of people. The first to study was Jab Marc Gaspers Atari; he was a physician In the Institute of deaf-mutes in Paris. In his late twenties a boy around eleven years was brought to him, he was found In the woods around Everyone. The boy was more Like an animal and scientists from all around the world came to see him. DRP. Philippe Pine an expert in insanity was nothing can be done. Tara disagreed with him and thought that the wild boy needed training, so he took him home and named him victor. His house keeper helped him to train victor, she loved the wild boy and she was helping him to socialize. ‘Tara used trick methods and tried to teach him language, he even isolated his senses. The boy learned only few words Milk and God; therefore ‘Tara gave up on him and took him back to the institute. Interiors was interested in how the wild boy could not learn language even though he was able to hear.She began he r investigation on when children need to learn language and she even took the isolation concept from ‘Tara. The second person she studied was Detoured Segueing a doctor who studied medicine under ‘Tara. Segueing wished to enter the dark world of the â€Å"idiot: children and he accomplished that in a short period. He had an experiment on an â€Å"idiot† boy and he was able to train him by using his senses. After the training the boy was able speak, write and even count. Segueing used gymnastic equipments and tools used in daily life to train the boy.He used beads to thread, pieces of cloth to be buttoned and laced, different sized nails to be inserted in matching sized holes and other tools to help the boy learn the daily life skills. Interiors found what she was looking for after studying Segueing and she decided to study education for the first time in her life. For two years Interiors was training teacher in special methods of observing and educating feeble-mi nded children in Orthopedic School. The children there were sent from elementary schools to asylums as â€Å"idiots†, because they could not function as well as the others.Interiors spent eleven hours during the day observing and teaching the children by using different materials and methods. At night she would write up her notes on what she sees during the day. She worked really hard with these children as she said â€Å"those two years of practice, are my first and indeed my true degree in pedagogy. â€Å"(Maria Interiors, A Biography by Rata Kramer p. 98) Some f the children learned to read and write and they even were able to pass the same exam that was given to normal children in the primary grades. DRP.Interiors thought that the only reason that these children could pass the test is that they were taught in a different way and she wondered why the normal children had these results, as she said â€Å"While everyone was admiring the progress of my â€Å"idiots†, I was searching for the reason which could keep the happy healthy children of the common schools on so low a plane that they could be equaled in test of intelligence by my unfortunate pupils. (Maria Interiors, A Biography by Rata Kramer p. 91) Maria Interiors had an affair with DRP. Montanan, but they never got married and no one knows the reason.Between 1898 and 1901 her son Mario was born and as it was not acceptable for women to have a baby without a marriage Mario was sent to live with a family in the country. Interiors visited him but not often and until he was a teenager he did not know that she was his real mother. After that she gave up work at the psychiatric clinic and went to study philosophy and psychology on her own. She also translated and copied out with her own hand ‘Tara and Segueing works room French to Italian. Few years later in Rome wealthy bankers decided to put money to improve life of people there.They started with a building unit in San Lorenz, the pe ople who were living there were very poor and illiterate. When they went to work their little children were left in the streets and that was the first thing children between two and six years old. Interiors accepted that as she always wanted the opportunity to work with normal children. She was given a room with few furniture, therefore she asks for support from society women to help her collect funds for toys and material. She also found the daughter of the caretaker Candida Enunciate who was untrained and put her in charge of looking after the children.Interiors believed that the women in charge of the children should be someone who lived in the same place. On Jan 6, 1907 the Case die Bambini was officially opened. On the first day the children were scared and they were wearing a thick blue smocks which made them uncomfortable as they could not move freely. Interiors was not there very often, she sometimes visited only once a week to observe the children. One day she brought some materials that were designed by ‘Tara and Segueing and on her next visits she observed some changes in the children. The children preferred the materials she brought in rather than playing with the toys or drawing.There were social changes, their personalities grew and they even showed understanding in the activities they were doing. For months Interiors was observing the changes in the children and discussed that with the teacher. Later on she gradually began creating and modifying the ‘sensory material'. One day when Interiors came for a visit Candida was upset and told Interiors that she forgot to lock the large cupboard that contained all the material and when she entered the mom she saw that the children have opened the cupboard and took the materials out.Candida thought that children were thieves and they had to be punished, but Interiors looked at it as accomplishment. She thought that the children were ready to work; therefore they choose to bring out the materia ls and start working. From here Interiors decided to get rid of the large locked cupboard and replace it with a long low one were the children could take any materials they like to work with and return it back when they are finished. She also changes the tables and chair and got hem in child-size were the children could carry them and move them around easily.Interiors wanted to provide the children with an environment where they can be spontaneous and free. Her aim was to make the children independent and teach them to do thing by their own, as she said â€Å"Education is a natural process spontaneously carried out by the human individual and is acquired not by listening to words but by experience in the environment. † (Maria Interiors by Michael Pollard p. 33). She soon opened another Children House in San Lorenz for the privilege children. These years that DRP. Interiors spent in San Lorenz and her experiment there, made her famous in Rome.Couple years after her name travel ed all around the world. In the early sass Interiors was asked to be the government inspector of schools in Italy and she was promised by Mussolini his full support for her method. Interiors liked the idea of being supported be a powerful government, but soon things changed. Mussolini's government was planning for a war and asked Interiors to Join all the Interiors schools in his Fascist organization. She did not agree with him, therefore over a night all Interiors schools were shut down and Maria Interiors went to Spain.She stayed in there for a short time as after two years the civil war broke out and another Fascist took over Spain. By that time Interiors was reunited with her son Mario, but still no one knew that he was her was a separation between him and his first wife. Interiors wanted a place to settle with her son who had become her assistant and with her grandchildren which became close to her. She was offered to live with her friend in Holland, soon she settled there with her family. Two years later she received an invitation to go to India. In the same time a war broke in Europe and Interiors went to India few months eater.At that time in India there were a number of Interiors schools and teachers that were trained by DRP. Interiors. The people there respected her and even built her a special village where she could lecture and train her students. She stayed there for around six years and it was one of the happiest times in her life. When the war was over Interiors returned to Holland, but she still was traveling around the continents to give lectures. On May 6, 1952 Maria Interiors passed ways in her friend's garden in Holland and she was buried in a Catholic church at Narrowing-on- Sea, in Holland.She wanted to be the citizen of the world and to be buried where ever she dies. Interiors struggled to be the first female doctor but gained respect from scientists all over the world and her words about peace and education flew from one country to anot her. Maria Interiors a women that did not have a happy personal life and did not have a chance to take care of her own son, touched the lives of others and changed the children's life. â€Å"Free the child's potential, and you will transform him into the world† (Maria Interiors, homeownership. About. Com) that is what she believed.

History of Occupational Health and Safety - 1983 Words

History of Occupational Health and Safety Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) has been a topic of concern since the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire of 1911. The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire occurred on March 25, 1911 in New York City (Stein, 1962, Von Drehle, 2003). 1911 employers’ attitude toward employees was that of harshness. The employers would lock the employees inside the building to ensure that they would work and not wonder off. Employers locked doors. The fire occurred on the ninth and tenth floor of the building. Because the doors were locked, 146 garment workers, mostly women, were killed (Goff, personal communication, September 14, 2010). The fire was an event that helped to spearhead the necessity for a†¦show more content†¦The requirements for establishing, implementing and maintaining an effective written Injury and Illness Prevention Program are contained in Title 8 of the California Code of Regulations, Section 3203 (T8 CCR 3203) (Injury and Illness prevention, para 1 2010). Th e requirements of this law include eight elements, which are: responsibility, compliance, communication, hazard assessment, accident exposure investigation, hazard correction, training and instruction, and record keeping, (Injury and Illness prevention, para 1 2010). One of the ways in which this law is put into action is by estimating, â€Å"†¦the annual incidence, the mortality, and the direct and indirect costs associated with occupational injuries and illnesses† (Occupational Injury and Illness in the United States, 1997). History of Health Care Administration The evolution of health care administration (HCA) is an interesting story. HCA would develop over time. â€Å"Up until the late 1800’s, hospitals offered little to no real patient support for the sick, because there was simply not enough money nor knowledge professional medical treatment.† (History of Healthcare Administration, para 1). As stated by Dr. McCurdie, prior to the 1920’s most health care was done at home, hospitals were considered death houses (personal communication, October 14, 2010).Show MoreRelatedEssay on The History of Occupational Health and Safety1205 Words   |  5 Pagesworkers safety. Todays industrial employees are better off than their colleagues in the past. Their chances of being killed in an industrial accident are less than half of that of their predecessors of 60 years ago. According to National safety Council (NSC), the current death rate from work-related injuries is approximately 4 per 100 ,000, or less than a third of the rate of 50 years ago. 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